El impacto de las órdenes regulares masculinas en la conformación urbana de la ciudad de Valladolid de Michoacán

Abstract

This investigation focuses on the genesis and consolidation of the city of Valladolid of Michoacán and its territory, from the influence of regular male clerical institutions of San Francisco, San Augustine, Carmen Barefoot, Our Lady of Mercy, the Hospitaller Order of St John of God, as well as the Society of Jesus, the period of study that supports this work ranges from the sixteenth century until the first half of the eighteenth limit chosen for this analysis pre-trial stage in which declared secular doctrines and parishes in the hands of the regular orders in addition to all their movable and immovable property, bonds issued in 1753, with the emphasis period of the seventeenth century. Sets Valladolid convent of San Francisco and St. Augustine, had a decisive role in the process establishing the city of Valladolid in Michoacán, Morelia today, this fact was reflected in the morphology of the colonial city, recognizable through the material traces of old historic parcel Valladolid. Franciscan and Augustinian friars had a direct involvement in the planning, establishment and constitution of the Indian neighborhoods built within the city, conferred on the two orders in the sixteenth century for their care and clerical indoctrination, state that up till the first half the eighteenth century. The architectural boundaries of the sets were male monastic centers in the constitution governing the parcel of city of Valladolid, the courts of the convents were established as places where the colonial society, while taking a political vocation as well as religious. Regular institutions of St. Augustine, Our Lady of Carmen Barefoot and the Jesus Company, participated actively in economic production processes and Valladolid territory, which they redeemed a leading financial solvency, from which could serve as major lenders at the time. Territorial features, produced from clerical interference male convents of Santa Maria de Grace, Our Lady of Carmen Barefoot and college Jesus Company, were interpreted by reading historical and contemporary map reading, in which administrations identified Indian villages and some of the spaces for the production, which could be identified as property or census for any of the clerical institutions under study. Religious institution of St. John of God, acted as care providers and health care to the residents of the capital of the bishopric of Michoacán, his influence did not have the significance of the Augustinians, Franciscans, Carmelites and Jesuits, as their Valladolid of Michoacán arrival took place until the late eighteenth century, two centuries later than the foundation of the colonial city.

La presente investigación aborda la génesis, conformación y consolidación de los límites arquitectónicos de los conjuntos conventuales masculinos fueron núcleos rectores en la constitución parcelaria de la ciudad de Valladolid, los atrios de los conventos se constituyeron como los centros de reunión de la sociedad virreinal, teniendo al mismo tiempo una vocación política además de la religiosa. Las instituciones regulares de San Agustín, Nuestra Señora del Carmen Descalzo y la Compañía de Jesús, participaron de forma activa en los procesos productivos y económicos del territorio vallisoletano, lo que les redimió en una solvencia económica preponderante, a partir de la que pudieron fungir como los principales prestamistas de la época. Los rasgos territoriales, producidos a partir de la injerencia clerical de los conventos masculinos de Santa María de Gracia, Nuestra Señora del Carmen Descalzo y el colegio de la Compañía de Jesús, fueron interpretados a través de la lectura cartográfica histórica y contemporánea, en los que se señalaron administraciones de pueblos de indios y algunos de los espacios para la producción, que pudieron ser identificados como propiedad o censo a favor de alguna de las instituciones clericales objeto de estudio. Los religiosos hospitalarios de San Juan de Dios, fungieron como los proveedores de la atención y el cuidado sanitario a los pobladores de la capital del obispado de Michoacán, su influencia no tuvo la trascendencia de los agustinos, franciscanos, carmelitas y jesuitas, puesto que su arribo a Valladolid de Michoacán tuvo lugar hasta finales del siglo XVIII, dos siglos más tarde de la fundación de la ciudad virreinal.