Estudio del efecto de la biotina en la esteatosis hepática

Abstract

Hepatic steatosis NAFLD is a disease characterized by accumulation of lipids in the liver and is part of the metabolic syndrome, which is a public health problem. Vitamins are used for the treatment of metabolic syndrome diseases; pharmacological concentrations of biotin modifies the expression of several genes and proteins of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Rats develop NAFLD due to fructose intake, which has been used as an adequate animal model for human metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of biotin in NAFLD, in a model of rats fed with fructose. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: the first and second were given fructose 30% (w / v) in their drinking tap water ad libitum for 3 months. The first group was injected biotin (2mg / kg) / day during the last month of administration with fructose and the second group (PBS) / day. The third and fourth were not given fructose. The third was injected with biotin (2mg / kg) / day one month and the fourth was not treatmented. Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance curves were performed. Fructose-pbs group showed hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and the groups treated with biotin showed glucose sensitization and lower insulin resistance; serum lipids and transaminases were determined, where the fructose-pbs group presented hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia and elevated transaminases and those treated with biotin a were decreased hypertriglyceridemia, transaminases and were an increase in HDL. Hepatic triglycerides and liperoxidation were also measured, where the fructose-pbs group had high values and those treated with biotin decreased; in the histomorphological analyses of the liver, NAFLD was observed in the fructose-pbs group and in those treated with biotin there were a marked decrease. The results obtained suggest that biotin has hypolipidemic effects, improving non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis.

La esteatosis hepática NAFLD, es una enfermedad caracterizada por acumulación de lípidos en el hígado y es parte del síndrome metabólico, el cual es un problema de salud pública. Las vitaminas son usadas para el tratamiento de enfermedades del síndrome metabólico; la biotina es una vitamina que, a concentraciones farmacológicas, modifica la expresión de varios genes y proteínas del metabolismo de carbohidratos y lípidos. Las ratas desarrollan NAFLD por el consumo de fructosa y son un modelo para el estudio del síndrome metabólico. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los efectos de la biotina en la NAFLD, en un modelo de ratas alimentadas con fructosa. Ratas Wistar macho, se dividieron en 4 grupos: al primero y segundo se les dio fructosa 30% (p/v) en el agua de beber ad libitum por 3 meses. Al primero se le inyectó biotina (2mg/kg)/día durante el último mes de administración con fructosa y al segundo (PBS)/día. Al tercero y cuarto no se les dio fructosa. Al tercero se le inyectó biotina (2mg/kg)/día un mes y al cuarto ningún tratamiento. Se realizaron curvas de tolerancia a la glucosa y resistencia a la insulina, El grupo de Fructosa-pbs presentó hiperglicemia y resistencia a la insulina y los tratados con biotina presentaron sensibilización a la glucosa y menor resistencia a la insulina; se determinaron los lípidos y transaminasas, el grupo Fructosa-pbs presentó hipertrigliceridemia e hipercolesterolemia y transaminasas elevadas y los tratados con biotina disminución de la hipertrigliceridemia, transaminasas y aumento de HDL. Los triglicéridos y la liperoxidación hepáticos, en el grupo Fructosa-pbs tuvo valores altos y los tratados con Biotina disminuyeron; en los análisis histomorfológicos del hígado se observó NAFLD en el grupo Fructosa-pbs y los tratados con Biotina hubo disminución. Por lo que la biotina tiene efectos hipolipidémicos, mejorando la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica.